if, else if, and else Statements in Java:

*if Statement:*

The if statement in Java is used for conditional branching. It allows you to execute a block of code if a specified condition is true.

if (condition) {
    // Code to execute if the condition is true
}

*else if Statement:*

if (condition1) {
    // Code to execute if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
    // Code to execute if condition2 is true and condition1 is false
} else {
    // Code to execute if both condition1 and condition2 are false
}

You can have multiple else if blocks to test multiple conditions in sequence.

*else Statement:*

if (condition) {
    // Code to execute if the condition is true
} else {
    // Code to execute if the condition is false
}

Ternary Operator (? :):

The ternary operator in Java takes three operands: a condition, a value to return if the condition is true, and a value to return if the condition is false.

result = (condition) ? valueIfTrue : valueIfFalse;

Example:

int x = 5;
int y = 10;
int max = (x > y) ? x : y;

In this example, max will be assigned the value of x if x is greater than y, and the value of y otherwise.

switch Statement:

The switch statement allows you to execute different code blocks based on the value of an expression. It's a compact way to handle multiple conditions.

Syntax:

switch (expression) {
    case value1: // Code for value1
        break;
    case value2: // Code for value2
        break;
    // Additional cases
    default: // Default code
}